一.选择控制
多重if结构:
1 package operator; 2 3 import java.util.Scanner; 4 5 public class Luoji { 6 7 public static void main(String[] args) { 8 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 9 System.out.println("请输入成绩:");10 Scanner s =new Scanner(System.in);11 int score=s.nextInt();12 if(score>=90)13 System.out.println("优秀");14 else if(score>=80)15 System.out.println("良好");16 else if(score>=60)17 System.out.println("及格");18 else19 System.out.println("不及格");20 }21 22 }
嵌套if结构:成对if else,从内部先匹配
1 package operator; 2 3 import java.util.Scanner; 4 5 public class Luoji { 6 7 public static void main(String[] args) { 8 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 9 int x=10,y=5;10 if(x!=y){11 if(x>y){12 System.out.println("x大于y");}13 14 else{15 System.out.println("x小于y");}16 }17 else{18 System.out.println("x和y相等");19 }20 }21 22 }
switch结构:
Python中无switch结构
switch例:
1 package operator; 2 3 import java.util.Scanner; 4 5 public class Luoji { 6 7 public static void main(String[] args) { 8 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 9 System.out.println("请输入1~7:"); 10 Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);11 int n=sc.nextInt();12 switch(n){13 case 1:System.out.print("星期一");break;14 case 2:System.out.print("星期二");break;15 case 3:System.out.print("星期三");break;16 case 4:System.out.print("星期四");break;17 case 5:System.out.print("星期五");break;18 case 6:System.out.print("星期六");break;19 case 7:System.out.print("星期天");break;20 default:21 System.out.print("输入非法");break;22 }23 }24 }
二.循环控制
1.while:
注意:为避免死循环,小括号后面不要加分号(;),如while(xxx);
while例:
1 package operator; 2 3 public class WhileTest { 4 5 public static void main(String[] args) { 6 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 7 int n=1; 8 while(n<5){ 9 System.out.println(n); 10 n++;11 }12 }13 14 }
while求100以内奇数和:
1 package operator; 2 3 public class WhileTest { 4 5 public static void main(String[] args) { 6 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 7 int n=1; 8 int sum=0; 9 while(n<=100){10 sum+=n; 11 n+=2;12 }13 System.out.println("100以内中的奇数和为:"+sum);14 }15 16 }
while输出26个英文字母:
1 package com.imooc.Ha; 2 3 public class CharDemo { 4 5 public static void main(String[] args) { 6 //输出26个英文字母,分两行输出 7 char ch='a'; 8 int count=0; 9 while(ch<='z'){10 System.out.print(ch+" ");11 count++;12 ch++;13 if (count%13==0){14 System.out.println();15 }16 }17 18 }19 20 }
2.do while:(Pyhton中无)
do while例:求1~5和
1 package com.imooc.Ha; 2 3 public class DoWhile { 4 5 public static void main(String[] args) { 6 int n=1,sum=0; 7 do{ 8 sum+=n; 9 n++;10 }while(n<=5);11 System.out.println(sum);12 13 }14 15 }
do while:猜数字
1 package com.imooc.Ha; 2 3 import java.util.Scanner; 4 5 public class DoWhile { 6 7 public static void main(String[] args) { 8 //用随机数生成0-10的整数,Math.random()表示[0,1) 9 int number=(int)(Math.random()*10+1);10 int guss;11 System.out.print("猜一个0—10的数字!");12 do{13 Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);14 guss=s.nextInt();15 if(guss>number){ 16 System.out.println("输入的数字太大了");17 }18 else{19 System.out.println("输入的数字太小了");20 }21 }while(guss!=number);22 System.out.println("哈哈,你猜对了");23 }24 25 }
3.for循环:(Python3中for i in range(10))
三个表达式都可以缺失
for例:
1 package com.imooc.Ha; 2 3 public class ForDemo { 4 public static void main(String[] args){ 5 //局部变量只在定义它的{}中有效,如n 6 int sum=0; 7 for(int n=1;n<=5;n++){ 8 sum+=n; 9 }10 System.out.println(sum);11 }12 13 }
for求阶乘:(数字太大可以用长整型存取(还不行可以用类))
1 package com.imooc.Ha; 2 3 public class ForDemo2 { 4 5 public static void main(String[] args) { 6 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 7 int sum=0; 8 int _sum=1; 9 for(int i=1;i<=100;i++){10 for(int j=1;j<=i;j++){11 _sum*=j;12 }13 sum+=_sum;14 }15 System.out.println("1!+2!+3!...+100!="+sum);16 }17 18 }
while输出*例:
1 package com.imooc.Ha; 2 3 public class WhileDemo { 4 5 public static void main(String[] args) { 6 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 7 int m=1,n=1; 8 System.out.println("输出4行4列*"); 9 while(m<=4){10 n=1;11 while(n<=m){12 System.out.print("*");13 n++;14 }15 System.out.println();16 m++;17 }18 19 }20 21 }
4.break语句:
注:break语句是跳出当前循环
5.continue语句:
1 package com.imooc.Ha; 2 3 public class Continue_test { 4 5 public static void main(String[] args) { 6 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 7 //求1+3+5+7+9 8 int sum=0; 9 for(int i=0;i<=9;i++){10 if(i%2==0)continue;11 sum+=i;12 }13 System.out.println(sum);14 15 }16 17 }
三.调试
1.设置断点
2.执行调试:
F6单步调试,F5运行到自定义方法时跳到方法执行
3.多断点调试:F8跳转到下一个断点